Research in quantum computing is closely tied to the discipline of information theory, a mathematical concept concerned with communication, coding, and encryption. Various applications of quantum information theory were developed in the last 50 years. As a result, quantum computing has been high on the research agenda of governments and technology organizations worldwide. In a quantum computing model, the basic unit of information is called the quantum bit (qubit), which can be represented by photons. Using qubits and quantum gates, the development of a quantum circuit model of computation has been made possible, enabling the use of algorithms to theoretically solve highly complex mathematical problems in a much shorter time frame than is currently possible. Quantum Computing Market Development Most experts now agree that the creation of a quantum computer is simply a matter of engineering, and that the theoretical application will happen. Optimistic estimates for commercializ...
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